Apostrophes

The article The Use of Apostrophes in Written English explains the use of apostrophes in written English to form possessive nouns, to form contractions and indicate omissions, and to pluralize lowercase letters and words used as words.

The article Punctuation Rules for Apostrophes in English: Using Apostrophes as Punctuation Marks in Written American English explains the use of apostrophes in written American English with possessive nouns, in contractions and for omissions, and to pluralize lowercase letters and words as words.

Braces

The article The Use of Brackets and Braces in Written English explains the use of braces in written English to enclose numeric sets and to indicate choices.

The article Punctuation Rules of English Ellipses and Braces: Using Braces and the Ellipsis in Written American English explains the use of braces in written American English to denote numeric sets and to indicate equal choices.

Brackets

The article The Use of Brackets and Braces in Written English explains the use of brackets in written English to clarify, to enclose parenthetical information, to indicate errors in quotations, to revise quotations, and to indicate word origin.

The article Punctuation Rules for Brackets in English: Using Brackets as Punctuation Marks in Written American English explains the use of brackets in written American English inside parentheses, clarifications in quotations, to indicate errors in quotations, to revise quotations, and to indicate word origin.

Colons

The article The Use of Colons in Written English explains the use of colons in written English to introduce lists, introduce quotations, introduce elaborations and emphasizations, introduce rules and principles, introduce appositives, indicate time, mark Bible references, and signal business letter salutations.

The article Punctuation Rules for Colons in English: Using Colons as Punctuation Marks in Written American English explains the use of colons in written American English to introduce lists, introduce appositives, introduce quotations, introduce elaborations and emphasizations, introduce rules and principles, in business salutations, in time notations, and in Bible references.

Commas

The article The Use of Commas in Written English explains the use of commas in written English for separating words in a series; separating independent clauses joined by coordinating conjunctions; separating coordinate adjectives; separating nonrestrictive modifiers; separating appositive that are not essential to the meaning of the sentence; separating adverbs and short parentheticals that are not essential to the meaning of the sentence; separating alternative or contrasted coordinate phrases; transitioning between quotations; and in dates, geographical places, numbers, personal titles, direct addresses, and brief interjections.

The article Punctuation Rules for Commas in English: Using Commas as Punctuation Marks in Written American English explains the use of commas in written American English for separating items in a series, separating verb clauses, after adverbials and adjuncts that precede the main clause, separating coordinate adjectives, and separating nonrestrictive adjective clauses.

The article More Punctuation Rules for Commas in English: When to Use Commas in Written American English explains the use of commas in written American English for separating nonessential appositives; separating contrasted coordinate phrases; separating nonessential adverbs and parentheticals; transitioning between quotations; and in dates, geographical places, numbers, personal titles, direct addresses, and brief interjections.

The article Additional Punctuation Rules for English Commas: Commas in Numbers, Dates, Places, Titles, Address, and Interjections explains the use of commas in written American English in numbers, dates, geographical places, personal titles, direct address, and interjections.

Dashes

The article The Use of Dashes and Parentheses in Written English explains the use of dashes in written English for separating appositives, introducing emphasizations, introducing explanations, and introducing an explanation of a preceding series.

The article Punctuation Rules for Dashes in English: Using Dashes as Punctuation Marks in Written American English explains the use of dashes in written American English to separate appositives with commas, to introduce explanations, to introduce emphasizations, and to introduce explanations of series.

Ellipses

The article The Use of Other Punctuation Marks in Written English explains the use of ellipses in written English to indicate omission in quotations and indicate pauses and interruptions in speech.

The article Punctuation Rules of English Ellipses and Braces: Using Braces and the Ellipsis in Written American English explains the use of ellipses in written American English to mark omissions and to indicate pauses and interruptions.

Exclamation Marks

The article The Use of Periods, Question Marks, and Exclamation Marks in Written English explains the use of exclamation marks to indicate emphatic interjections that are not part of the grammatical structure of the main clause and to end sentences.

The article Question Marks, Exclamation Marks, Interrobangs: Punctuation Rules for Question, Exclamation, and Interrobang Marks explains the use of exclamation marks in written American English to end sentences and with emphatic interjections.

Hyphens

The article The Use of Hyphens in Written English explains the use of hyphens in written English to join compound numbers and fractions, join compound nouns, join coequal nouns, join compound modifiers, join phrases functioning as modifiers, join some prefixes and suffixes, and avoid confusion and misreading.

The article Punctuation Rules for Hyphens in English: Using Hyphens as Punctuation Marks in Written American English explains the use of hyphens in written American English with affixes, in compound nouns, in coequal nouns, in compound modifiers, in phrasal modifiers, in numbers, and to avoid confusion and misreading.

Interrobangs

The article The Use of Other Punctuation Marks in Written English explains the use of interrobangs in written English to ask questions with excitement or disbelief.

The article Question Marks, Exclamation Marks, Interrobangs: Punctuation Rules for Question, Exclamation, and Interrobang Marks explains the use of interrobangs in written American English to end sentences.

Italicization

The article The Use of Italicization in Written English explains the use of italicization in written English to identify titles of major works, to emphasize words and phrases, to identify letters and words used as words, to identify linguistic examples, and to identify foreign words and phrases.

Parentheses

The article The Use of Dashes and Parentheses in Written English explains the use of parentheses in written English for introducing emphasizations, enclosing clarifications, enclosing asides and additional information, and enclosing numbers or letters in a list.

The article Punctuation Rules for Parentheses in English: Using Parentheses as Punctuation Marks in Written American English explains the use of parentheses in written American English to enclose numbers and letters in a list, to enclose clarifications, to introduce emphasizations, and to enclose asides and additional information.

Periods

The article The Use of Periods, Question Marks, and Exclamation Marks in Written English explains the use of periods in written English to mark abbreviations, function as decimal points to separate integrals from fractional parts of numbers, separate elements in poetry and play citations, separate computer file names with computer file extensions, and end sentences.

The article Punctuation Marks for Periods in English: Using Periods as Punctuation Marks in Written American English explains the use of periods in written American English for sentence endings, as decimal points, with abbreviations, in computer files and Internet addresses, and in play and poetry citations.

Question Marks

The article The Use of Periods, Question Marks, and Exclamation Marks in Written English explains the use of question marks in written English to indicate uncertain dates and numbers and to end sentences.

The article Question Marks, Exclamation Marks, Interrobangs: Punctuation Rules for Question, Exclamation, and Interrobang Marks explains the use of question marks in written American English to end sentences and in dates and numbers.

Quotation Marks

The article The Use of Quotation Marks in Written English explains the use of double quotations marks in written English to enclose direct quotations, identify titles of minor works and parts of wholes, highlight novel uses of words and phrases, and indicate the translation of a foreign word of phrase.

The article The Use of Other Punctuation Marks in Written English explains the use of single quotation marks in written English to enclose direct quotations inside direct quotations and to mark the translation of a foreign word of phrase.

The article Punctuation Rules for Quotations Marks in English: Using Double and Single Quotations Marks for Written American English explains the use of double quotations with direct quotations, minor titles, translations, and novel uses and the use of single quotations marks inside double quotation marks and with translations in written American English.

Semicolons

The article The Use of Semicolons in Written English explains the use of semicolons in written English to join two related clauses, to join two clauses in which the second begins with an adverb or parenthetical, and to separate items that contain commas in a series.

The article Punctuation Rules for Semicolons in English: Using Semicolons as Punctuation Marks in Written English explains the use of semicolons in written American English for joining related verb clauses, joining other verb clauses, and in series with commas.

Slashes

The article The Use of Other Punctuation Marks in Written English explains the use of slashes in written English to separate alternatives, represent the word per, appear in certain abbreviations, indicate line breaks, separate numerators from denominators in fractions, and divide informal representations of dates.

The article Punctuation Rules for Slashes in English: Using Slashes as Punctuation Marks in Written American English explains the sue of slashes in written American English in fractions, in dates, with abbreviations, to separate alternatives, to indicate lines breaks, and with files names and Internet addresses.